For decades, a pervasive myth has endured across many cultures: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are not meant for girls. Deeply entrenched gender biases, societal expectations, and systemic barriers have historically kept women and girls from exploring careers in these fields. However, this narrative is steadily changing, particularly in Africa, where women and girls are making groundbreaking strides in STEM, defying the odds and inspiring future generations.
The Gender Gap in Science: A Global and African Perspective
According to UNESCO, only about 30% of researchers worldwide are women, and in Africa, this number is even lower. The gender disparity is not just a matter of numbers but also access—fewer girls in Africa have the opportunity to study STEM subjects compared to boys. Traditional beliefs, lack of mentorship, financial barriers, and limited role models have contributed to this imbalance.
In Nigeria, for example, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reported that women make up less than 20% of the workforce in engineering and technology. This under-representation starts early, as fewer girls opt for STEM courses in secondary schools and universities, leading to a diminished presence in professional scientific and technological fields.
Women Breaking Barriers in Nigerian Science and Technology
Despite these challenges, an increasing number of Nigerian women are making a name for themselves in STEM. These women are not only excelling in their fields but also serving as role models for the next generation of girls.
- Dr Ozak Esu – Electrical Engineer and Advocate for Women in STEM
Dr Ozak Esu, an award-winning Nigerian electrical engineer, has been a strong advocate for women’s inclusion in STEM. She has worked on major engineering projects globally and actively mentors young girls, proving that engineering is not a male-dominated field but one where women can thrive.
- Dr Olufolakemi Osiemi – Medical Scientist and Researcher
In the medical sciences, Dr Olufolakemi Osiemi has been at the forefront of infectious disease research. She played a critical role in Nigeria’s response to the Ebola and COVID-19 outbreaks, demonstrating the importance of women in advancing public health solutions.
- Uchechi Kalu – Founder of Zenafri, Using Tech for Education
In the tech space, Uchechi Kalu has leveraged digital technology to transform education. She founded Zenafri, an innovative platform that creates educational apps to help African children learn in their native languages, ensuring that technology is not just a tool for business but also for social impact.
Cybersafety and the Role of Women Community in Africa (WCA)
As more women and girls embrace STEM, there is a growing need to ensure their safety in the digital space. The increasing presence of children and women online has introduced new risks, including cyberbullying, online predators, and exposure to harmful content. Recognising these challenges, Women Community in Africa (WCA)—the advocacy arm of Beyond Mentors Community Care Initiatives—has been at the forefront of cybersafety education and digital protection for women and children in Africa.
Through its initiatives, WCA has:
Educated girls in schools about online risks and digital literacy, equipping them with the knowledge to navigate cyberspace safely.
Provided training and resources to parents and educators on protecting children from online dangers.
Collaborated with policymakers and technology experts to advocate for stronger digital safety laws and policies that protect vulnerable groups.
Created awareness on cyber threats such as data privacy breaches, cyberstalking, and the dark web, ensuring that African women and children can participate in the digital economy without fear.
With technology becoming an integral part of modern science and innovation, ensuring cybersafety is not just a security concern but a fundamental requirement for the full participation of women and girls in STEM. Without a safe and inclusive digital environment, the progress made in encouraging more girls into science and technology could be undermined by online risks and threats.
Looking Ahead: A Future of Equal Representation
While remarkable progress has been made, much work remains to be done. The journey to gender equality in STEM requires continuous advocacy, investment in female education, and intentional mentorship programmes. African societies must recognise that empowering women and girls in STEM is not just a matter of gender equality but also a strategy for national development and global competitiveness.
As we celebrate the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, it is crucial to acknowledge the trailblazers who have defied the odds and to inspire young girls to dream beyond societal limitations. The message is clear: Science is for everyone, and Nigerian women and girls are proving that they are not just participants but leaders in shaping the future of science and technology.
